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把
把
bǎ
prep. (used before a noun or noun phrases) showing the influence on somebody or something dealt with
Discussion of 把
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Certain verbs cannot be used in a 把-sentence. These verbs are generally the ones that cannot be applied to govern or influence things or people.
1. Verbs that do not indicate “change”, e.g. 是, 有, 在, 像, 姓...
2. Verbs that denote senses, e.g. 懂, 听见, 知道, 认识, 觉得, 同意…
3. Verbs expressing mental activities, e.g. 喜欢, 希望, 愿意…
4. Verbs indicating commencement, continuation or conclusion, e.g. 开始, 结束, 出发, 到达, 继续, 完, 出生, 死…
5. Verbs indicating directions, e.g.来, 去, 进, 出, 上, 下, 回...
6. Verbs indicating physical movements, e.g. 坐, 站, 躺, 睡, 蹲...
lisaC
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In this post, we discuss in which situations we must use 把 to bring the object before the predicate verb.
Generally, when the predicate verb is followed by a relatively complicated construction, the object needs to be brought before the predicate verb by preposition 把, thus a 把-sentence is formed. Let’s keep in mind the basic pattern of such a sentence:
- Subject [把 Receiver of the action] Verb Result/ Influence


The situations where we have to use 把 may include (but are not limited to):
1. When the ‘Result/Influence“ is a location “在 object of locality”, this 在-phrase acts as the complement of result for the predicate verb, we need to use 把, e.g.
Example 1 我把钥匙掉在了地上。 [phr] I dropped the key on the ground.
“在地上” shows where “the key” (钥匙) is as the result of the action “drop” (掉). It is wrong to say “＊我掉了钥匙在地上。” We must use 把 to bring the object forward.

2. When the ‘Result/Influence“ is “到 object of locality”, this 到-phrase acts as the complement of result for the predicate verb, we need to use 把, e.g.
Example 2a 请把行李寄到这个地址。 [phr] Please deliver the luggage to this address.
“到这个地址” shows where “the luggage” (行李) will arrive as the result of the action “deliver” (寄). It is wrong to say “＊请寄行李到这个地址。”. We must use 把 to bring the object forward.
Similar situation with “给 object” as the complement of result for the verb. E.g.
Example 2b 把笔给我一下儿。 [phr] Give me the pen. (with a softened tone)

3. When the ‘Result/Influence“ is “成 object of result”, this 成-phrase acts as the complement of result for the predicate verb, we need to use 把, e.g.
Example 3 她把这个故事写成了一本书。 [phr] She compiled the story into a book.
“成了一本书” is what 这个故事 has become affected by the action 写.
lisaC
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In the basic pattern of a 把-sentence,
- Subject [把 Receiver of the action] Verb Result/ Influence
the object of 把 (“Receiver of the action”) is definite (modified by an attributive, E.g. 1), or refers to someone or something that is known to both the speaker and the listener (E.g.2).
E.g. 1 她把这个故事写成了一本书。 [phr] She compiled the story into a book.
E.g. 2 你能把门关上吗？ [phr] Could you close the door?
lisaC
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The 把 sentence is a special sentence pattern in chinese, it means that N.1 did something to N.2, which influenced or change N.2, for example : 我把花瓶放在桌子上，or 他把花瓶打破了。
popmei
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The 把-sentence indicates that an action is applied to somebody or something with a result or influence. The basic pattern of a 把-sentence is:
Subject [把 Receiver of the action] Verb Result/ Influence

The subject is the doer of the action denoted by “Verb” in the pattern above. The object of 把 is the receiver of the action. The”Verb” must be a transitive verb which can affect or govern the receiver of the action. Some other elements must follow verb in the pattern above to indicate the result of the effect of the action. These elements may be spectral particles 了 or 着, the repetition of the verb or a complement). Grammatically speaking, the part in brackets “[把 Receiver of the action]” is the adverbial adjunct which modifies the Verb. For example:
E.g. 1a 我把护照丢了。 [phr] I lost my passport.
E.g. 2 他把我的电脑用坏了。 [phr] After using my computer, he broke it.
E.g. 3 她把这个故事写成了一本书。 [phr] She compiled the story into a book.

The negative form of a 把-sentence is made by adding 没 or 没有 before 把. But 不 may be placed before 把 too to indicate negation, if we want to express a supposition or unwillingness to carry out an action towards someone or something.
lisaC
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What is the correct grammar for using 把 (bǎ) in a sentence?
个学生
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